PhD Nanotechnology - Eligibility, Admission, Syllabus, Institutes, Scope

A PhD in Nanotechnology is a three-year doctoral program. Because nanotechnology is having an increasingly large impact on many aspects of our daily lives, career opportunities in this field are rapidly expanding. The focus of this program is on micro-systems, microelectronic circuits, and opto-electronics design and fabrication. While pursuing this program, students will be equipped with technology monitoring, consulting, and in-depth analysis skills, as well as new briefs and developments in the field of nano-sciences.

Nano-science and nanotechnology are delivering benefits to society in both expected and unexpected ways. As part of a multidisciplinary scientific education, it is critical to provide top-notch professionals and experts with a broad background in science and technology.

Various sectors, such as homeland security, medicine, transportation, information technology, food safety, environmental science, and energy, are significantly improving as a result of nanotechnology advancements. Students who complete a PhD in Nanotechnology program are eligible for job profiles such as Optical Engineer, Product Marketing Manager, Research Scientist, Applications Engineer, Manufacturing Engineer, Technical Program Manager, and others.

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PhD in Nanotechnology: An Overview

Type of Course	Doctoral level
Duration of Course	3 years
Type of Examination	Semester wise
Eligibility	Master’s degree in relevant discipline from a recognized university
Process of Admission	Entrance/ Merit-Based
Average Fees (Annually)	INR 15,000 to 3,00,000
Average Salary Per Annum	INR 2,00,000 to 10,00,000
Top Employing Firms	Alpha coding solutions, iHackers,CACTUS, KLA Tencor software India Private limited, etc.
Positions of Job	Product Marketing Manager, Research Scientist, Optical Engineer,Applications Engineer, Manufacturing Engineer, Technical Program Manager etc.

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PhD Nanotechnology Eligibility

The following are the common PhD Nanotechnology eligibility criteria that candidates must meet in order to be considered for admission to this program:

• A Master’s degree in Nanotechnology from a recognized university is required.
• Only those candidates who achieve the cut-off marks set by the respective admission authorities in the entrance examination will be admitted.

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PhD Nanotechnology Syllabus

Although the PhD in Nanotechnology program syllabus varies by college, it generally consists of a few common foundation courses from which students can choose according to their interests.

The following table lists the most common subjects covered in a structured PhD Nanotechnology curriculum:

First Semester	Second Semester
Managerial economics	Business laws
Organizational behaviour	Research methodology
Quantitative techniques	Marketing management
Business communication	Human resource management
Management process and perspectives	Business ethics
Total quality management	Production and operations management
Management accounting	Economic environment of business
Computer aided management	Financial management
Third Semester	Fourth Semester
Nano- physics	Management information systems
Nano- chemistry	Strategic management
Nano- research	Logistic and supply chain management
Nano- computers	Management control systems
Nanotech specialization	Corporate governance
Nano- biology	Entrepreneurship development
Nano- electronics	Project management
Fifth Semester	Sixth Semester
Engineering economics and management	Spintronics
Nano-photonics	Thin film technology
Nano-toxicology	Surfaces and interfaces
Micro and Nano fluidics	Characterization techniques

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Relevant Links
M.Phil. (management Studies)	M.Phil. (management)	Ph.D. (PETROLEUM ENGINEERING)
Ph.D. (SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)	Ph.D. ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS ENGINEERING	Fellow Programme In Management [FPM]

PhD Nanotechnology Admission Procedure

• Admission to the PhD program will be determined by the student’s performance on the entrance exam administered by the relevant department at the university or institute.
• Candidates who have passed the GATE/NET/SET/ M.Phil/JRF examinations in relevant subjects administered by apex bodies such as CSIR/UGC/ICAR/ICMR/DBT will be exempt from the Entrance Test.
• The institute’s Departmental Committee may consider the student’s research work/earlier PhD/ experience when granting the exemption.
• A student may be exempt from the entrance exam and pre-PhD coursework if he or she already has a Doctorate degree in a relevant subject from a UGC Approved University or Institute.
• The student will be able to pay the course fee or registration fee after completing both steps. Only a limited number of candidates will be accepted into the PhD program.

Based on Entrance

The majority of colleges and universities offer admission to PhD Nanotechnology programs based on entrance exams such as the UGC NET, CSIR NET, and others.

The following is a step-by-step procedure for entrance-based admission:

• Step 1: Students must first register on the university’s official website.
• Step 2: Complete the application form with accurate information.
• Step 3: Following the examination, the website will post a cutoff list. Candidates will then be assigned seats based on their entrance exam scores.
• Step 4: For admission to this course, some colleges conduct personal interviews and group discussions.
• Step 5: If a student meets all of the eligibility requirements, he or she will be offered admission to the course.  

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PhD Nanotechnology: Institutes Ranked by NIRF

Ranking by NIRF	Institute Name	Process of Admission	Average Fees (Annually)	Average Salary Per Annum
16	JMI, New Delhi	Entrance-Based	INR 13,870	INR 5,00,000
34	ICT, Mumbai	Entrance-Based	INR 64,500	INR 3,50,000
41	University of Madras, Chennai	Merit-Based	INR 10,970	INR 6,00,000
74	NEHU, Shillong	Merit-Based	INR 13,350	INR 4,00,000
101	VTU, Belgaum	Merit-Based	INR 74,100	INR 6,58,000

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PhD Nanotechnology: Important Entrance Exams

For admission to the PhD Nanotechnology program, there are numerous national and state-level entrance exams to take. Some of the most popular PhD entrance exams in nanotechnology are listed below.

• GATE: GATE is a national-level exam held jointly by the Indian Institute of Science and the Indian Institutes of Technology to select candidates for PhD degree jobs.

• UGC NET: This exam is administered by the National Testing Agency on behalf of the University Grants Commission. Admission to the various doctorate level courses is granted to qualified candidates. This test is also used to determine whether or not a candidate is eligible for a JRF or Assistant Professor position in colleges and universities.

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PhD in Nanotechnology: Focus Areas

The following is information and details about the PhD Nanotechnology program:

• The chemicals and materials that occur at the nano-scale are the focus of this program.
• Students will learn about important and cutting-edge topics such as electronic materials, nano-sciences, surfaces, theory, organic and molecular sensors, and electronics in this course.
• With the development of new materials and equipment, students may receive training in operating advanced instruments and devices.
• Mathematics, chemistry, physics, and molecular biology are among the topics studied by candidates.
• Neuro-technology, robotics, and other challenges will be presented to students.

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PhD Nanotechnology: Important Documents Required

• A character certificate (from the head of the institute from which the student has obtained his qualifying degree)
• Documentary proof of the date of birth
• No objection certificate from the employer (if employed)
• Mark-list of the last qualifying degree examination
• passing/degree certificate of the last qualifying degree examination.
• Migration Certificate (No objection certificate from the university last attended)
• Research Proposal:
• Gap certificate (if applicable)

Students should be aware that if the aforementioned certificates are not attached to their application, their application will not be taken into account for admission.

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PhD Nanotechnology: Preparation Plan

The syllabus for PhD entrance exams in nanotechnology will vary from college to college. 

• The first and most important rule is to cultivate a habit of reading. Newspapers, novels, magazines, biographies, books, and case studies can all aid in the development of reading habits.
• To improve your vocabulary and use it in everyday life, learn at least 10 new words.
• Identify your strengths and weaknesses so that you can overcome them and learn about your passions. The area of curiosity Is a key to passing the entrance examination. You must also concentrate on topics that are appealing to you.
• It’s crucial to keep track of time. You must be able to manage your time effectively during the examination. You must be specific about the number of minutes allocated to each question. Mock tests will assist you in developing time management skills.
• The more you practice, the more doubts you’ll be able to clear up. Practice will assist you in learning new and correct methods for answering questions as well as dispelling any doubts you may have prior to the exam.
• Be updated with current events, have a broad understanding of the subject, and have enough data.
• focus on your verbal skills.
• You should be aware of the course outline as well as the required reading materials.
• After you’ve finished class, go over the topics again at home. Before going to class, review the material.
• Concentrate on mathematics because it takes a long time to learn and requires more practice with new short tricks to solve problems.
• The college selects candidates based on their performance on the respective entrance exams, which are followed by an interview.
• To get into a good PhD Immunology college, taking the UGC NET exam is the best way to go, 
• A few private institutes offer the course, which allows students to be admitted based on their performance in a relevant entrance exam followed by a round of personal interviews.
• Candidates must perform well on the respective entrance exams in order to gain admission to a good college for the PhD Nanotechnology program.
• Candidates should devote time and effort to the entrance exam and be prepared for a personal interview.
• They should be well-versed in their research topic so that their research idea can impress the interview panel.

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PhD Nanotechnology: Top Institutes

The table below lists the top PhD nanotechnology universities and colleges that offer full-time programs.

Ranking by NIRF	Name of the Institute	Process of Admission	Average Fees (Annually)	Average Salary Per Annum
16	JMI, New Delhi	Entrance-Based	INR 13,870	INR 5,00,000
34	ICT, Mumbai	Entrance-Based	INR 64,500	INR 3,50,000
41	University of Madras, Chennai	Merit-Based	INR 10,970	INR 6,00,000
74	NEHU, Shillong	Merit-Based	INR 13,350	INR 4,00,000
101	VTU, Belgaum	Merit-Based	INR 74,100	INR 6,58,000
101	BAMU, Aurangabad	Entrance-Based	INR 8,000	INR 5,59,000
151	SU, Greater Noida	Entrance-Based	INR 50,000	INR 3,00,000
151	CUTM, Paralkhemundi	Entrance-Based	INR 80,000	INR 2,55,000
151	Amity University, Gurgaon	Entrance-Based	INR 80,000	INR 3,00,000

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PhD Nanotechnology: Top Foreign Institutes

The following are some of the top global universities and colleges that offer comprehensive nanotechnology studies:

• Nanyang Technological University
• Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
• The Georgia Institute of Technology
• The University of California, Berkeley
• Stanford University
• Seoul National University.
• National University of Singapore
• Tsinghua University
• Peking University
• University of Science and Technology of China
• Harvard University
• Soochow University (China)
• Fudan University
• Jagiellonian University
• Dublin Institute of Technology
• Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
• University of Chicago
• University of Cambridge
• University of California, Los Angeles
• Huazhong University of Science and Technology
• La Trobe University

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PhD Nanotechnology: Important Book Recommendations

To prepare for the PhD Nanotechnology course, students should read the following books:

Book Name	Author Name
Handbook of Boron Nanostructures	Sumit saxena
Nanoparticles	Dieter Vollath
Introduction to carbon Nano materials	Jagriti Narang
Adverse effects of engineered nanomaterial	Bengt Fadeel
Noble metal nanoparticles	Ignac capek
Iron Nanomaterials for water and soil treatment	Marta I.Litter

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PhD Nanotechnology: A Comparison between Institutes

The table below shows the comparison between India’s top PhD nanotechnology colleges.

Basis of Comparison	JMI, New Delhi	ICT, Mumbai
Highlight	JMI is a government-run central university in New Delhi. This deemed university currently offers UG, PG, Diploma, PG Diploma, Advanced Diploma, M.Phil, and PhD courses in a variety of disciplines.	The University Department of Chemical Technology at the Institute of Chemical Technology in Mumbai is well-known. It was founded in 1933. The NAAC gave it a ‘A++’ rating. It offers courses at the undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral levels.
Place	New Delhi	Mumbai
Ranking by NIRF	16	34
Criteria for Eligibility	Candidates must hold a Master’s degree in relevant discipline from a recognized university	Candidates must hold a Master’s degree in relevant discipline from a recognized university
Process of Admission	Entrance-Based	Entrance-Based
Average Annual Fees	INR 13,870	INR 64,500
Top Employing Firms	KLA Tencor Software India Private Limited, iHackers, Sampark career developers, CACTUS,Alpha coding solutions etc.	Cadbury, Galaxy Project, BASF, INTEL, Unilever, L’Oreal, Raymond, ITC, OPAL India, UPL, JBF RAK, etc.
Average Annual Salary	INR 5,00,000	INR 3,50,000

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PhD Nanotechnology: Important Skills Required

According to the Times of India, India produces approximately 1.5 million engineers each year, but the number of available jobs is comparatively low. Isn’t it difficult to compete in a country where one out of every ten students is an engineer?
You may be brilliant, but how will you demonstrate this to potential employers?Every professional, on the other hand, must possess academic knowledge, hard skills, and soft skills that enable an employer to distinguish them from the competition.
The following is a list of skills that an engineer must possess in order to excel:

• Communication and Leadership Skills: In this field, excellent communication skills are required because you must be able to effectively express your thoughts, views, and opinions to your superiors, subordinates, and clients. The process of creating and researching concepts necessitates the presence of a brilliant mind. It is impossible to deliver the required result unless one can effectively collaborate and work with various professionals.
• Knowledge Literacy: Given the short duration of the course, it is impossible for an individual to have comprehensive knowledge of all topics, but the ability to adapt to changes and new developments is critical. A nanotechnologist must be able to research and analyse any topic in order to come up with a compelling project.
• Industry Skills: The field of technology necessitates both theoretical and practical knowledge. It’s not ideal if you don’t have either. Because an engineer’s course curriculum requires them to work on a variety of projects, the industry expects a graduate in nanotechnology engineering to be skilled.
• Critical Thinking: Everyone will expect you to be an expert in your subject after majoring in it and to analyze every situation professionally. In a field like nanotechnology, you can’t think or work like a layman. It is critical to think strategically in order to take advantage of an opportunity.
• Problem Solving: In your line of work, you may come across professional issues that require you to analyse, reflect, and make a quick decision to resolve. It is essential to be able to negotiate a problem.

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PhD Nanotechnology and PhD Biotechnology

PhD Nanotechnology and PhD Biotechnology are both doctoral programs in the science and technology fields. They are, however, very different.

More information is available in the table below:

Basis of Comparison	PhD Nanotechnology	PhD Biotechnology
Highlight	For doctoral students, a PhD in Nanotechnology is a three-year program. It concentrates on the chemicals and materials found at the nanoscale. Electronic materials, Nano sciences, surfaces, theory, organic and molecular sensors, and electronics are among the important and popular topics covered by students.	PhD Biotechnology is a three-year program for doctoral students. It focuses on research methodology, scientific communication, and current biotechnology trends, among other topics.
Duration of Course	3 years	3 years
Eligibility Criteria	Master’s degree with minimum 50% marks from a recognized institute	Master’s degree with minimum 55% marks from a recognized institute
Process of Admission	Merit/ Entrance-Based	Merit/ Entrance-Based
Profiles of Job	Software Developer, Game Developer,Data Analyst, Networking Engineer, Testing Engineer, Database Administrator etc.	Medical Coder, Professor, Associate Research Scientists,Bio Manufacturing Specialist, Product Manager etc.
Average Fees (Annually)	INR 15,000 to 5,00,000	INR 10,000 to 1,50,000
Average Salary Per Annum	INR 2,00,000 to 10,00,000	INR 4,00,000 to 15,00,000
Top Hiring Firms	TCS, Infosys, Hexaware, Syntel, Wipro etc.	Wipro, Reliance, IBM life sciences, Tata Consultancy Services, Accelrys etc.

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Future Trends in Nanotechnology

Nanotechnology has grown in popularity as a result of its near-term potential. In a variety of activities and fields, nanotechnology is a critical technique for improving and altering material quality.
The following are some of the possible nanotechnology engineering trends:

• There is a high likelihood of commercialization as Nanotechnology not only improves material quality but also reduces environmental risk.
• We may soon see the application of nanotechnology engineering to the production of renewable materials from agro-industrial waste.
• Advances are being made in the use of nanotechnology engineering to diagnose and treat patients, and nano-medicines will soon be able to replace medicines due to their low dosage requirements and fewer side effects.

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PhD in Nanotechnology: Top Job Profiles

A candidate with a degree in this field has a wide range of job opportunities. Working for the government, private organisations, and a variety of other sectors will be simple for them. They can also teach in colleges or universities as professors or lecturers.

PhD Nanotechnology holders can work in academic institutions as well as in industry and other institutions in high-level research and development positions.
PhD holders in Immunology seek jobs as Senior Research Officers, Project Assistants, Lecturers, Researchers, Senior Knowledge Officers, Laboratory Managers, and other positions in a variety of fields.

The following table lists some of the most common PhD nanotechnology job profiles and career prospects following completion of the course:

Profiles of Job	Description of Job	Average Salary Per Annum
Applications Engineer	An Applications Engineer’s job description is to improve and design software. They work on custom software development. They collaborate with clients to understand the project’s objectives and carry them out.	INR 4,82,000
Optical Engineer	An Optical Engineer’s job is to conduct research, design, and develop applications. They look at how light is produced, transmitted, and detected, and use measurements to come up with solutions.	INR 3,77,000
Research Scientist	A Research Scientist’s job entails planning and carrying out experiments and investigations in fields such as meteorology, pharmacology, and medical research. In the laboratory, they conduct experiments.	INR 5,47,000
Technical Program Manager	A Technical Program Manager’s job is to lead the hardware and software design team responsible for implementing new programs. They keep projects on schedule and within budget.	INR 18,30,000
Product Marketing Manager	A Product Marketing Manager’s responsibilities include developing marketing strategies, managing marketing, launching new products, managing budgets, and so on.	INR 7,80,000

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PhD in Nanotechnology: Benefits and Scope

The aspirations and goals of each individual will determine whether or not they pursue a PhD in Nanotechnology. The following are some of the advantages and benefits of pursuing a PhD in nanotechnology degree program:

• While taking this course, students will be able to learn about the advancement of disease treatments such as cancer while taking this course.
• This course will equip you with the necessary skills to pursue doctoral-level research or to advance your career prospects in other technical, scientific, and related fields.
• After completing this course, students can expect to earn between INR 2,00,000 and INR 10,00,000 per year on average.
• Students who complete this course will be able to work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, laboratories, colleges/universities, and the government. Organizations, for example.
• Nanotechnology is one of the most rapidly developing fields of science and technology, with increasing job opportunities all over the world.
• In order to create a stimulating experience, you must master your skills in physics, chemistry, biology, and mathematics.
• Nanotechnology is widely used and has had a revolutionary impact on science technology.
• International students can study nanotechnology courses at major universities and colleges that are internationally recognized.
• Nano-science and technology are expected to have a huge economic impact in the future.
• The computer and microelectronics revolution has a societal impact on nanotechnology.
• Nano-medicines are being used in developing countries to help prevent and treat a variety of health problems.
• In addition, it is used in a number of purification and industrial processes.
• Scientists are using nanotechnology to create affordable, clean, and renewable energy sources to reduce toxicity burdens on the environment by applying nano-science to traditional energy sources.
• Nanotechnology is expected to outperform IT and the Internet in the near future because it is a “green and clean” alternative to existing technologies. There is a lot of potential in this field because the Indian government is leading the charge to introduce and implement this technology in a variety of fields.
• Nanotechnology Engineering is encouraged and researched through programs such as “Nano Mission.” Nano-materials, Nano-electronics, and Nanobiote are currently the most developed fields.

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